import pprint
message = "It is a good day, is not it" 
count1 = {}
for char in message:
 count1.setdefault(char, 0)
 count1[char] += 1 
count2 = {}
for char in message:
 count2[char] = count2.get(char, 0) + 1 
pprint.pprint(count1)
pprint.pprint(count2)

data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3),
  ("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)]
result = {}
for (key, value) in data:
 if key not in result:
  result[key] = []
 result[key].append(value)

result = {}
data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3),
  ("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)]
for (key, value) in data:
 result.setdefault(key, []).append(value)

from collections import defaultdict
result = defaultdict(list)
data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3),
  ("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)]
for (key, value) in data:
 result[key].append(value)