概述
Prometheus是一个开源的服务监控系统,它通过HTTP协议从远程的机器收集数据并存储在本地的时序数据库上。它提供了一个简单的网页界面、一个功能强大的查询语言以及HTTP接口等等。Prometheus通过安装在远程机器上的exporter来收集监控数据,这里用到了以下两个exporter:
- node_exporter – 用于机器系统数据
- mysqld_exporter – 用于Mysql服务器数据
Grafana是一个开源的功能丰富的数据可视化平台,通常用于时序数据的可视化。它内置了以下数据源的支持:
并可以通过插件扩展支持的数据源。
架构图
下面是本次部署的架构图
安装并运行Prometheus
1.在 Monitor 上安装 Prometheus
安装至/opt/prometheus
$ wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v1.5.2/prometheus-1.5.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ tar zxvf prometheus-1.5.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ mv prometheus-1.5.2.linux-amd64 /opt/prometheus
2.在安装目下编辑配置文件 prometheus.yml
vim /opt/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# my global config global: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s). # Attach these labels to any time series or alerts when communicating with # external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager). external_labels: monitor: 'codelab-monitor' # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'. rule_files: # - "first.rules" # - "second.rules" # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape: # Here it's Prometheus itself. scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: 'prometheus' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9090'] # 以下是添加的部分 - job_name: linux static_configs: - targets: ['172.30.251.214:9100'] labels: instance: db1 - job_name: mysql static_configs: - targets: ['172.30.251.214:9104'] labels: instance: db1
其中:172.30.251.214是MySQL的IP,端口则是对应的exporter的监听端口。
3.启动Prometheus
[loya@centos6 prometheus]$ ./prometheus INFO[0000] Starting prometheus (version=1.5.2, branch=master, revision=bd1182d29f462c39544f94cc822830e1c64cf55b) source=main.go:75 INFO[0000] Build context (go=go1.7.5, user=root@a8af9200f95d, date=20170210-14:41:22) source=main.go:76 INFO[0000] Loading configuration file prometheus.yml source=main.go:248 INFO[0000] Loading series map and head chunks... source=storage.go:373 INFO[0000] 0 series loaded. source=storage.go:378 INFO[0000] Starting target manager... source=targetmanager.go:61 INFO[0000] Listening on :9090 source=web.go:259
Prometheus内置了一个web界面,可以通过http://monitor_host:9090进行访问:
在Status->Targets页面下,可以看到我们配置的两个Target,它们的State为DOWN。
4.接下来需要在被监控机器上安装并运行exporter
下载exporters并解压:
$ mkdir /opt/prometheus/prometheus_exporters $ cd /opt/prometheus/prometheus_exporters $ wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v0.14.0-rc.1/node_exporter-0.14.0-rc.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ wget https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.9.0/mysqld_exporter-0.9.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ tar zxvf node_exporter-0.14.0-rc.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ tar zxvf mysqld_exporter-0.9.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz # 将各自的可执行文件移动到/opt/prometheus/prometheus_exporters $ ll /opt/prometheus/prometheus_exporters total 24464 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12182376 Feb 23 19:01 mysqld_exporter -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12862209 Feb 23 19:01 node_exporter
运行node_exporter
$ cd /opt/prometheus/prometheus_exporters $ ./node_exporter INFO[0000] Starting node_exporter (version=0.14.0-rc.1, branch=master, revision=5a07f4173d97fa0dd307db5bd3c2e6da26a4b16e) source="node_exporter.go:136" INFO[0000] Build context (go=go1.7.4, user=root@ed143c8f2fcd, date=20170116-16:00:03) source="node_exporter.go:137" INFO[0000] No directory specified, see --collector.textfile.directory source="textfile.go:57" INFO[0000] Enabled collectors: source="node_exporter.go:156" INFO[0000] - entropy source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - loadavg source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - stat source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - diskstats source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - textfile source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - vmstat source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - meminfo source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - filefd source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - filesystem source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - mdadm source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - netdev source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - sockstat source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - time source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - zfs source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - edac source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - hwmon source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - netstat source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - uname source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] - conntrack source="node_exporter.go:158" INFO[0000] Listening on :9100 source="node_exporter.go:176"
mysqld_exporter需要连接到MySQL,所以需要MySQL权限,我们为其创建用户并赋予所需的权限:
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT, PROCESS ON *.* TO 'prom'@'localhost' identified by 'abc123'; mysql> GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.* TO 'prom'@'localhost';
创建.my.cnf文件并运行mysqld_exporter:
$ cd /opt/prometheus/prometheus_exporters $ $ cat << EOF > .my.cnf [client] user=prom password=abc123 EOF $ $ ./mysqld_exporter -config.my-cnf=".my.cnf" INFO[0000] Starting mysqld_exporter (version=0.9.0, branch=master, revision=8400af20ccdbf6b5e0faa2c925c56c48cd78d70b) source=mysqld_exporter.go:432 INFO[0000] Build context (go=go1.6.3, user=root@2c131c66ca20, date=20160926-18:28:09) source=mysqld_exporter.go:433 INFO[0000] Listening on :9104 source=mysqld_exporter.go:451
回到Prometheus web界面Status->Targets,可以看到两个Target的状态已经变成UP了:
安装和运行Grafana
安装:
Grafana 的安装官方文档比较清晰,这里不再赘述。
配置:
编辑配置文件/etc/grafana/grafana.ini,修改dashboards.json段落下两个参数的值:
[dashboards.json] enabled = true path = /var/lib/grafana/dashboards
导入Prometheus Dashboard:
$ git clone https://github.com/percona/grafana-dashboards.git $ cp -r grafana-dashboards/dashboards /var/lib/grafana
启动:
$ /etc/init.d/grafana-server start
通过http://monitor_host:3000访问Grafana Web界面(缺省帐号/密码为admin/admin)
登录后,通过Data Sources页面添加数据源:
然后就可以通过选择不同的仪表盘(左上角)和时间段(右上角)来呈现图表了:
System Overview:
MySQL Overview:
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对的支持。
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稳了!魔兽国服回归的3条重磅消息!官宣时间再确认!
昨天有一位朋友在大神群里分享,自己亚服账号被封号之后居然弹出了国服的封号信息对话框。
这里面让他访问的是一个国服的战网网址,com.cn和后面的zh都非常明白地表明这就是国服战网。
而他在复制这个网址并且进行登录之后,确实是网易的网址,也就是我们熟悉的停服之后国服发布的暴雪游戏产品运营到期开放退款的说明。这是一件比较奇怪的事情,因为以前都没有出现这样的情况,现在突然提示跳转到国服战网的网址,是不是说明了简体中文客户端已经开始进行更新了呢?